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voyage ['vɔɪɪdʒ] 航行 n.
repetition [repɪ'tɪʃ(ə)n] 重复 n.
American [əmerɪkən] 美洲的 adj
continent ['kɒntɪnənt] 大陆 n.
*route [ruːt] 路线 n.
discovery [dɪ'skʌv(ə)rɪ] 发现 n.
rise [raɪz] (rose，risen) 变得更加成功或重要、强大 v．
official [ə'fɪʃ(ə)l] 官员 n
develop [dɪ'veləp] 增强；加强 v.
relation [rɪ'leɪʃ(ə)n] 关系；交往 n.
trade [treɪd] 贸易v. 以物易物；互相交换 n.
foreign ['fɒrɪn] 外国的 adj.
*fleet [fliːt] （统一调度的）船队；机群 n.
Africa ['æfrɪkə] 非洲 n.
nowhere ['nəʊhweə] 无处；哪里都不 adv.
silk [sɪlk] 丝织物；丝绸 n.
giraffe [dʒə'rɑ:f] 长颈鹿 n.
besides [bɪ'saɪdz] 除……之外（还） prep.
development [dɪ'veləpm(ə)nt] 发展；壮大 n.
*region ['riːdʒ(ə)n] 地区 n.
pioneer [paɪə'nɪə] 先锋；先驱 n.
people ['piːp(ə)l] 民族；种族 n.
wealth [welθ] 财富 n.
spread [spred] (spread,spread) 传播 v.
open up 开辟
go on a trip 去旅行
set up 建立；设立
set sail 起航
(be) known as 被称为
as well as 也；还
lead to 导致
compare ... with ... 把……与……对比
The voyages of Zheng He
郑和下西洋
Zheng He was a famous Chinese explorer. In 1405, he set off from China on the first of seven great voyages. This was nearly a century before Christopher Columbus first set sail on his journey of discovery to America. His travels were so important that they are still studied today.
郑和是中国著名的探险家。公元1405年，他离开中国，开始了第一个7年的航行。这次壮举比哥伦布发现美洲大陆要早了将近100年。郑和的航行如此重要，以至于学者们至今仍在研究。
Zheng He was born in Yunnan in 1371. He rose to become a trusted official of the Yongle Emperor of the Ming Dynasty. The emperor ordered Zheng He to visit and explore the lands outside China. His task was to develop relations and set up trade routes with foreign countries. In a few years, he built a great fleet of ships, the biggest in the world at that time. The ships were known as treasure ships. They were big enough to carry 25000 people as well as very large quantities of goods.
公元1371年，郑和出生在云南。他迅速成长成为明朝永乐皇帝最信任的官员之一。皇帝命令郑和探索走出国门，远征探险。他的任务就是与国外建立外交关系，开通贸易的航线。几年后，他建立了一只世界上最庞大的舰队，这些船被称为宝船。舰队可以搭载2万5千人以及一些大型的货物。
From 1405 to 1443, Zheng He went on seven trips and visited South-East Asia, the Middle East and even the east coast of Africa. It seemed that nowhere was too far for him to visit. These voyages allowed China to trade valuable goods like gold, silver and silk. At the end of each voyage, Zheng He returned with many things that were seen in China for the first time, such as a giraffe from Africa. Besides developing trade, the voyages also encouraged the exchange of cultures and technologies. They helped the development of those countries and regions.
从公元1405年到公元1433年，郑和连续7次率领海上远征探险，访问了东南亚、中东、甚至非洲东海岸的一些国家。对于郑和来说，没有什么地方是他的舰队不可以到达的。探险使得中国可以与这些国家进行贵重货物如黄金、白银以及丝绸的贸易。每次航行结束回来，郑和都会带回许多在中国见不到的东西，比如他就从非洲带回了长颈鹿。除了发展贸易，郑和的探险也促进了中国与这些国家的文化和技术交流。郑和的远航也帮助了这些国家和地区的发展。
Zheng He died in 1433 during his last voyage. However, his voyages were such a huge achievement that people still remember him as a pioneer in opening up cultural contacts between different peoples around the world.
公元1433年，郑和在最后一次航行之后离世。但是，他的远征航行产生了深远的影响，人们至今都把郑和当作是开启世界上不同种族文化交流的先驱。
Marco Polo
马可波罗
By West Lake, in the city of Hangzhou, there is a small statue of a traveller. His name was Marco Polo.
在杭州市的西湖边矗立着一座小型的马可波罗的雕像。
Marco Polo grew up in the city of Venice, in present-day Italy. In 1271, when he was 17 years old, he set off on a journey to Asia with his father and uncle, and did not return home until 24 years later. His travels took him across Asia, along the Silk Road and throughout China. He loved Hangzhou so much that he described it as "the finest city in the world."
马可波罗出生于意大利的威尼斯。公元1271年，当他17岁的时候，他和父亲以及叔叔启程前往亚洲，直到24年后才回到家乡。他的旅程横跨亚洲，沿着丝绸之路通过中国。他非常喜欢杭州这座城市，并把它称之为“人间天堂”。
When Polo finally returned to Venice, there was a war and he was captured. While he was in prison, he told the stories of his travels to another man there. This man wrote the stories down in a book called The Travels of Marco Polo. Because of the interesting descriptions of Asian life in the book, Polo's travels soon became well known in Europe.
当马可波罗回到威尼斯的时候，正好赶上了一场战争，然后他被逮捕了。在监狱里，他和狱友们讲述了他的旅行见闻。这名狱友于是把这些故事写成了一本书，书名叫《马可波罗游记》。由于书里对亚洲的描写十分生动有趣，马可波罗的游记很快便传遍了整个欧洲。
The stories gave many Europeans their first look at the life and culture of the people in Asia. Polo told of many amazing things that were unknown to Europe, such as paper money. He also wrote about China's development, with its large cities and systems of communication. His book made Europeans more and more interested in the East. It also influenced many other explorers, including Christopher Columbus. Polo died in 1324. His last words were: "I did not tell half of what I saw."
这些故事让许多欧洲人第一次对亚洲人的生活和文化有了直观的认识。马可波罗讲了很多欧洲人所不知道的事情，比如纸币等。他也描述了中国的发展状况，这里有很多大型的城市和交通体系。他的书让欧洲人对中国越来越感兴趣，并且也影响了包括克里斯多夫·哥伦布在内的许多其他的探险家。马可波罗于公元1324年逝世。他的临终遗言是：“对于我亲眼所见的事情，我连一半都还没有讲完。”
1.open up 开辟
2.trade toutes 贸易路线
3.set off 出发
4.go on a trip 去旅行
5.set up 建立，设立
6.set sail 起航
7.at that time 在那时
8.(be) known as 被称为
9.as well as 也，还
10.too...to... 太......而不能......
11.grow up 长大
12.pay attention to 注意
13.hand in 上交
14.look for 寻找
15.around the world 世界各地
16.such as 例如
17at the end of 在......末端
18.quantities of 大量的
19.not ...until 直到......才......
20.because of 因为，由于
21.compare...with... 把......与......对比
22.between ...and... 在......和......之间
用法集萃
1.how to do sth. 如何做某事
2.order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事
3.It seems that... 似乎......
4.allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
5.want to do sth. 想要做某事
6.keep doing sth. 一直做某事
7.one of the +形容词的最高级+可数名词复数，最......之一
8.need to do sth. 需要做某事
9.tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事
10.would like to do sth. 想要做某事
11.Why don’t we/you do sth.?
我们/你们为什么不做某事呢？
12.形容词/副词+enough to do sth. 足够......能做某事
结果状语从句是表示动作或事情结果的从句，通常主句是原因，从句是结果，从句通常位于主句之后。结果状语从句的基本句型是“so …that”和“such …that”。
【观察】
1. He was so angry that he left the room without a word.
2. We left so early that we caught the first bus.
3. It was such a lovely day that we decided to go outing.
4. They are such strong soldiers that they will win definitely.
【总结】
so ... that和such ... that引导结果状语从句，其中so是副词，修饰形容词或副词；而such是形容词，修饰名词或名词性短语。具体的搭配形式如下：
1. so ... that: so+adj./adv.+that从句
2. such ... that
①such+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数+that从句
②such + adj+可数名词复数/不可数名词+ that从句
【语法笔记】
1.当名词前有many, much, few, little等表示数量多少的限定词时，用so，而不用such。
例如：There are so many lovely toys that I don’t know how to choose.
有那么多可爱的玩具，我不知道怎么选。
2. too ... to & enough to
除了可以用结果状语从句表示结果，我们还可用too…to和enough to来表示结果。
①too…to:太……以至于不能……
结构：too +adj./adv.+ (for + n/pron.) + to do sth.
例如：He is too short to play basketball. 他太矮不能打篮球。
②enough to: 足够……可以做……
结构：adj./adv.+ enough + (for + n. /pron.) + to do sth.
例如：The T-shirt is not big enough for the boy to wear.
3. too + adj. / adv.+ to do sth. = not + adj. / adv. + enough + to do sth.
例如：The hall is too small to hold so many people.=The hall is not large enough to hold so many people.
一．选择题
从下面每小题的A、B、C三个选项中选出可以替换画线部分的最佳选项
( )1.--What places did they visit this time?
-- They visited some factories, hospitals as well as schools
A. besides B. all C. or
( )2.--This year it rains too much. What will happen?
--If it continues for a few days, it will lead to a flood.
A. avoid B. provide C. cause
( )3. --What is the result of the sea disaster?
--Oil flows into the sea. A large quantity of water is polluted.
A. a great many
B. a large amount of
C. a number of
( )4.--What did you buy in the Book City
--Besides two novels, I bought an English-Chinese dictionary.
A. Including
B. Except for
C. Next to
( )5.--You may get lost when you go on a trip alone
--Don't worry, mum. I am old enough to look after myself.
A. go on business
B. have a look
C. have a visit
( )6.--They raised money to set up a new school in the area last year
--How great they are! The children can go to school now.
A.plan B.found C.support
( )7.--Shenzhen is really a modern city
--Yes. It is known as"a Creative City”.
A. is located
B. is popular with
C. is considered to be
( )8.--What's your plan this summer?
-- I will travel alone the whole continent of Africa from east to west.
A. desert B. country C. land
二、从下面每小题的A、B、C三个选项中选出可填入空格的最佳选项。
( )9._________is the activity of buying and selling or exchanging goods or services between
people or companies.
A. Trade B. Agreement C. Research
( )10.A_______is a tall African animal with a very long neck, long legs and dark marks on their coat.
A. elephant B. giraffe C. hippo
( )11.--Why did Sam buy_________tools yesterday?
-- Because he wanted to repair his old desk.
A. a piece of
B. a set of
C. a great deal of
( )12.-- What about the performance?
-- That's fantastic! Everyone's eyes are_________the performers.
A. fixed on
B. looked for
C. glanced at
( )13.-- What are you collecting so many clothes for?
-- Because I will_______to the kids in the poor areas.
A. give them away
B. give them out
C. give them up
( )14. He was__________lying to the police about the case and was put into prison.
A. afraid of
B. proud of
C. accused of
( )15.--Would you please pass me today's Shenzhen Daily?
A. Yes, Here it Is
B. Sure
C. Don't mention it
三、完形填空
Rudi Matt lived in a small village in the Swiss Alps in 1865. What he wanted most in the world was to climb the the peak (山峰)in the highest Alps. Rudi's mother and his uncle, Franz,
a mountain guide, wanted him to stop climbing and start 16 in a hotel. Rudi would not 17 his dream and secretly got in touch with an English mountain climber 18 was planning to climb the highest peak.
Franz was very angry when he found out what Rudi had done, but he finally agreed to let Rudi 19 if he went climbing, too. Franz also didn't want to see Emil Saxo, a guide
Rudi turmed out to be a very good climber, but as they got close to the top, the Englishman
from another village, who got to the top 20 him.
Rudi turned out to be a very good climber, but as they got close to the top, the Englishman
got 21 and could go no farther. Franz stayed behind to take care of him, but Saxo continued, wishing to be the 22 to the top. Rudi went after Saxo, hoping to help him to the top. When they met, Saxo fought with Rudi and fell down by accident. Saxo was 23 and hurt. Rudi must decide whether to carry Saxo back down to safety or to continue 24 to the top. He decided Saxo's life was more important than his dream and helped him down.Later, when they returned to the village, they told people that 25 was the real conqueror (征服者) of the mountain.
( )16.A playing B working C planning
( )17.A give up B give away C.give off
( )18.A.who B whom C whose
( )19.A.go B.come C return
( )20.A. after B before C, in front of
( )21.A.tired B.sick C excited
( )22.A last B.first C. later
( )23.A helpful B.helpless C.careful
( )24.A alone B together C.separately
( )25.A Saxo B. Fraz C. Rudi
四、阅读理解。从下面每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
Are you shy? If you are, you are not alone. In fact, close to 50 percent of people are shy. Almost 80 percent of people feel shy at some point in t heir lives. These days, shyness is becoming more and more common. Now, scientists are trying to understand shyness. They have some interesting ideas about why people are shy.
Is it possible to be born shy? Many scientists say yes. They say 15 to 20 percent of babies behave shyly. These babies are a little quieter and more watchful than other babies. Interestingly, these shy babies usually have shy parents. As a result, scientists think that some shyness is genetic.
Family size might cause people to be shy as well. Scientists at Harvard University studied shy children. They found that 66 percent of them had older brothers and sisters. As a result, they became shy. At the same time, children with no brothers and sisters may be shy as well. Growing up alone, they often play by themselves. They are not able to learn the same social skills as children from big families.
You may also be shy because of where you were born. When scientists studied shyness in different countries. They found surprising differences. In Japan, most people said they were shy. But in Israel, only one of three people said so. What explains the difference? One scientist says the Japanese and Israelis have different opinions of failure. In Japan, when people do not succeed, they feel bad about themselves. They blame themselves for their failure. In Israel, the opposite is true. Israelis often blame failure on outside reasons, such as family, teachers, friends, or bad luck. In Israel, freedom of opinion and risk taking are strongly supported. This may be why Israelis worry less about failure and are less shy.
For shy people, it can be difficult to make friends, speak in class, and even get a good job. But scientists say you can get over your shyness. They suggest trying new things and practicing conversation. And don’t forget---if you are shy, you are not the only one.
( )26. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Happiness. B. Shyness.
C. Kindness. D. loneliness.
( )27. What does the underlined word “genetic” in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Passed down from parents.
B. Learned from friends.
C. Taught by teachers.
D. Made up by brothers.
( )28. What can be learned from the passage?
A. Most little babies are born shy and quiet.
B. If you are shy now, you will be shy forever.
C. Many shy children have older brothers and sisters.
D. Most Israeli people are shy of expressing opinions.
( )29. We can learn from the passage that _______ may cause shyness.
A. genetics, grown-ups and birthplace
B. genetics, family size and birthplace
C. family size, grown-ups and failure
D. genetics, family size and freedom
( )30. Scientists suggest that shy people can get over their shyness by______.
A. blaming their failure on outside reasons
B. trying new things and practicing conversation
C. getting themselves away from their shy parents
D. trying to understand reasons for their shyness
五、语法填空。阅读下面短文,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Once James Thomhill, a famous English painter, was asked to paint some pictures on the walls of the king's palace in England. Then workers were sent for it and a platform(31)
_________(make). With a worker's help, Thornhill started painting on the platform. They worked for (32)_________whole year and at last the pictures were ready.
Thornhill was happy when he looked at the pictures,for they were (33)_______(real) beautiful. He looked at them for a long time, and then took one step back (34)___________ looked again. Now the pictures were even(35)_____________(much) beautiful. He took another step, then another. Finally (36)_____________was at the very edge of the platform, but he know it because he(37)_________(think)of his pictures,
The worker saw everything."(38)_________should I do? he thought. "Thornhill is at the very edge of the platform. If I cry out, he(39)_________(take) another step, fall off it and surely be killed. So the worker quickly took some paint and threw it at the pictures. "What are
you doing? "cried the painter, (40)___________(run) quickly forward to his pictures.
参考答案：
一、1-5 ACBAC
二、
6-10 BCCAB
11-15 BAACA
三、
16-20 BAAAB
21-25 BBBAC
四、
26-30 BACBB
五、
31. was made 32. a
33. really 34. and
35. more 36. he
37. was thinking 38. What
39. will take 40. running
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